Cancer cytogentics

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Dr. Osama K Zaki                    

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Cytogenetic study
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Cancer Cytogenetic Study

    Since the  early recognition of Philadelphia chromosome as a translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 which occurs in association with chronic myeloid leukemia , a large number of studies showed the close association of some chromosomal aberrations with specific malignancies. In addition , a relationship has been demonstrated between the sites of some the translocations and the position of oncogenes.  Later, it has been clear that a cause-effect relationship exists between many of the chromosome derangements and the occurrence of the specific malignancy.

    The fact that malignant cells divide spontaneously in vitro precludes the need for mitogens to stimulate cell division. Some malignant cell lines are sensitive to  adverse conditions during transport. In general, samples collected for cancer cytogenetic studies should be delivered to the cytogenetic Lab as soon as possible. 

Choice of  tissue for cancer cytogenetic study:

bulletFor hematological malignancies, bone marrow is the organ of choice for cytogenetic study. 
bullet In some  hematological malignancies peripheral blood may be sufficient for such a study. 
bulletIn non hematological malignancies, a sample of the solid tissue is usually needed except if there is bone marrow infiltration as in cases of lymphomas.

 

 

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